Selegiline - Revision history

Adssx: /* Dosage */

2024-12-06T13:47:03Z

Dosage

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:47, 6 December 2024
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	=== Dosage ===		=== Dosage ===
	Typical doses for Parkinson's are 10 mg/day (swallowed) or 1.25 mg/day (ODT).<ref>[https://www.drugs.com/dosage/selegiline.html Selegiline Dosage], Drugs.com, Last updated on Aug 10, 2023.</ref>		Typical doses for Parkinson's are 5 to 10 mg/day (swallowed) or 1.25 mg/day (ODT).<ref>[https://www.drugs.com/dosage/selegiline.html Selegiline Dosage], Drugs.com, Last updated on Aug 10, 2023.</ref>

	Most pills are 5 mg. Knoll suggested 1 mg per day. Late in his life he reportedly took two 5 mg Deprenyl tablets per week.<ref name=":2">[https://www.antiaging-systems.com/articles/deprenyl-a-multi-functional-anti-aging-drug/ Deprenyl- A Multi-Functional Anti-aging Drug], DEAN, M.D., Ward</ref>		Most pills are 5 mg. Knoll suggested 1 mg per day. Late in his life he reportedly took two 5 mg Deprenyl tablets per week.<ref name=":2">[https://www.antiaging-systems.com/articles/deprenyl-a-multi-functional-anti-aging-drug/ Deprenyl- A Multi-Functional Anti-aging Drug], DEAN, M.D., Ward</ref>

Adssx: /* Rodents */

2024-08-29T12:16:20Z

Rodents

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:16, 29 August 2024
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	==== Rodents ====		==== Rodents ====
	In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.~~25mg~~/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" /> In a 2016 study, Knoll found that a lower dose of 0.001 mg/kg three times a week did not prolong lifespan significantly while 0.1 mg/kg three times a week prolonged life by 12%.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0024320516306257 Longevity study with low doses of selegiline/(−)-deprenyl and (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-''N''-propylpentane-2-amine (BPAP)], Knoll & Miklya, Life Sciences, Volume 167, 15 December 2016, pp 32-38</ref>		In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25 mg/kg, 3 times per week, '''subcutaneously'''.<ref name=":0" /> In a 2016 study, Knoll found that a lower dose of 0.001 mg/kg three times a week did not prolong lifespan significantly while 0.1 mg/kg three times a week prolonged life by 12%.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0024320516306257 Longevity study with low doses of selegiline/(−)-deprenyl and (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-''N''-propylpentane-2-amine (BPAP)], Knoll & Miklya, Life Sciences, Volume 167, 15 December 2016, pp 32-38</ref>

	In Syrian hamsters, low-dose selegiline (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased life span in females but not in males.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197458097000092?via%3Dihub Chronic Treatment of Syrian Hamsters With Low-Dose Selegiline Increases Life Span in Females But Not Males], S. Stoll, U. Hafner, B. Kränzlin, W.E. Müller, Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 18, Issue 2, March–April 1997, Pages 205-211</ref>		In Syrian hamsters, low-dose selegiline (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased life span in females but not in males.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197458097000092?via%3Dihub Chronic Treatment of Syrian Hamsters With Low-Dose Selegiline Increases Life Span in Females But Not Males], S. Stoll, U. Hafner, B. Kränzlin, W.E. Müller, Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 18, Issue 2, March–April 1997, Pages 205-211</ref>

Adssx: /* Combination */

2023-09-15T19:50:44Z

Combination

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:50, 15 September 2023
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	=== Combination ===		=== Combination ===
	In experiments with rodents, root extract of ''Polyscias fruticosa'' (also called Ming aralia or by its Vietnamese name Dinh lang) has been demonstrated to extend life span.<ref>Yen, T T; Knoll, J (1991). "Extension of lifespan in mice treated with Dinh lang (Policias fruticosum L.) and (-)deprenyl". ''Acta Physiologica Hungarica''. '''79''' (2): 119–124. <nowiki>PMID 1304677</nowiki>.</ref>		In experiments with rodents, root extract of ''Polyscias fruticosa'' (also called Ming aralia or by its Vietnamese name Dinh lang) has been demonstrated to extend life span.<ref>Yen, T T; Knoll, J (1991). "Extension of lifespan in mice treated with Dinh lang (Policias fruticosum L.) and (-)deprenyl". ''Acta Physiologica Hungarica''. '''79''' (2): 119–124. <nowiki>PMID 1304677</nowiki>.</ref>

			In rats administered with rotenone to reproduces Parkinson’s disease, the beneficial effects of deprenyl were augmented when combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC).<ref>Khashab, R.; Gutman-Sharabi, N.; Shabtai, Z.; Landau, R.; Halperin, R.; Fay-Karmon, T.; Leibowitz, A.; Sharabi, Y. Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde Lowering Treatment Improves Locomotor and Neurochemical Abnormalities in the Rat Rotenone Model: Relevance to the Catecholaldehyde Hypothesis for the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease. ''Int. J. Mol. Sci.'' 2023, ''24'', 12522. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512522</nowiki></ref>

	=== Counter indications, risks and side effects ===		=== Counter indications, risks and side effects ===

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2023-09-14T10:58:44Z

Rodents

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:58, 14 September 2023
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	==== Rodents ====		==== Rodents ====
	In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" />		In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" /> In a 2016 study, Knoll found that a lower dose of 0.001 mg/kg three times a week did not prolong lifespan significantly while 0.1 mg/kg three times a week prolonged life by 12%.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0024320516306257 Longevity study with low doses of selegiline/(−)-deprenyl and (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-''N''-propylpentane-2-amine (BPAP)], Knoll & Miklya, Life Sciences, Volume 167, 15 December 2016, pp 32-38</ref>

	In Syrian hamsters, low-dose selegiline (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased life span in females but not in males.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197458097000092?via%3Dihub Chronic Treatment of Syrian Hamsters With Low-Dose Selegiline Increases Life Span in Females But Not Males], S. Stoll, U. Hafner, B. Kränzlin, W.E. Müller, Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 18, Issue 2, March–April 1997, Pages 205-211</ref>		In Syrian hamsters, low-dose selegiline (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased life span in females but not in males.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197458097000092?via%3Dihub Chronic Treatment of Syrian Hamsters With Low-Dose Selegiline Increases Life Span in Females But Not Males], S. Stoll, U. Hafner, B. Kränzlin, W.E. Müller, Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 18, Issue 2, March–April 1997, Pages 205-211</ref>

Adssx: /* In humans */

2023-09-14T10:45:11Z

In humans

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:45, 14 September 2023
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	According to Longevity.Technology, Selegiline is at the stage "Late proof of concept demonstrated in real-life conditions"/"Technology refined and ready for initial human trials".<ref>[https://longevity.technology/news/parkinsons-drug-could-revolutionise-longevity-therapies/ Deprenyl Parkinson’s drug increases lifespan in rats], Harriet Grantham, July 10, 2019</ref>		According to Longevity.Technology, Selegiline is at the stage "Late proof of concept demonstrated in real-life conditions"/"Technology refined and ready for initial human trials".<ref>[https://longevity.technology/news/parkinsons-drug-could-revolutionise-longevity-therapies/ Deprenyl Parkinson’s drug increases lifespan in rats], Harriet Grantham, July 10, 2019</ref>

			=== Mechanism ===
			According to Knoll's theory, Deprenyl is a catecholaminergic activity enhancer (CAE) and a small daily dose of a CAE is a suitable anti-aging therapy to fight the age-related slow decay of the catecholaminergic system.<ref>Miklya, I. The significance of selegiline/(−)-deprenyl after 50 years in research and therapy (1965–2015). ''Mol Psychiatry'' 21, 1499–1503 (2016). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.127</nowiki></ref>

	=== Forms ===		=== Forms ===

Adssx: /* In humans */

2023-09-14T10:42:25Z

In humans

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:42, 14 September 2023
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	In a 2016 study, authors identified deprenyl as one of the 11 compounds (with acarbose, d-glucosamine, dihydroergocristine methanesulfonate, ellagic acid, fenofibrate, glutathione, metformin, spermidine, tyrosol, and vinpocetine) that fulfill all their proposed nine criteria for the evaluation of geroprotectors (Primary criteria: increased lifespan, amelioration of human aging biomarkers, acceptable toxicity, minimal side effects at therapeutic dosage, improving health-related quality of life. Secondary criteria: evolutionary conservatism of target or mechanism of action, reproducibility of geroprotective effects on different model organisms, simultaneous influence on several aging-associated causes of death in mammals, increase in stress resistance).<ref>Moskalev A, Chernyagina E, Tsvetkov V, Fedintsev A, Shaposhnikov M, Krut'ko V, Zhavoronkov A, Kennedy BK. Developing criteria for evaluation of geroprotectors as a key stage toward translation to the clinic. Aging Cell. 2016 Jun;15(3):407-15. doi: 10.1111/acel.12463. Epub 2016 Mar 11. PMID: 26970234; PMCID: PMC4854916.</ref>		In a 2016 study, authors identified deprenyl as one of the 11 compounds (with acarbose, d-glucosamine, dihydroergocristine methanesulfonate, ellagic acid, fenofibrate, glutathione, metformin, spermidine, tyrosol, and vinpocetine) that fulfill all their proposed nine criteria for the evaluation of geroprotectors (Primary criteria: increased lifespan, amelioration of human aging biomarkers, acceptable toxicity, minimal side effects at therapeutic dosage, improving health-related quality of life. Secondary criteria: evolutionary conservatism of target or mechanism of action, reproducibility of geroprotective effects on different model organisms, simultaneous influence on several aging-associated causes of death in mammals, increase in stress resistance).<ref>Moskalev A, Chernyagina E, Tsvetkov V, Fedintsev A, Shaposhnikov M, Krut'ko V, Zhavoronkov A, Kennedy BK. Developing criteria for evaluation of geroprotectors as a key stage toward translation to the clinic. Aging Cell. 2016 Jun;15(3):407-15. doi: 10.1111/acel.12463. Epub 2016 Mar 11. PMID: 26970234; PMCID: PMC4854916.</ref>

	Increased lifespan Amelioration of human aging biomarkers Acceptable toxicity Minimal side effects at therapeutic dosage Improving health-related quality of life Evolutionary conservatism of target or mechanism of action Reproducibility of geroprotective effects on different model organisms Simultaneous influence on several aging-associated causes of death in mammals Increase in stress resistance.

	Rasagiline, another irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B used in Parkinson's disease, may also be neuroprotective. The FDA refused to grant disease-modifying label to rasagiline because in trials the lower dose was effective at slowing progression, but the higher dose was not.<ref>Sviderski V (19 October 2011). "FDA Advisers Refuse Teva Plea to Expand Azilect Label". ''Reuters and Haaretz''.</ref><ref>Katz R, et al. "Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee Background Package on Azilect" (PDF). FDA. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</ref> Rasagiline failed to show any cognitive benefits in Parkinson's patients with cognitive impairment. Rasagiline 1 mg has however shown some benefits in a 24-week double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial (n=50) with mild to moderate Alzheimer's, with favourable change in FDG-PET in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and striatal regions along with benefits in measures of quality of life.<ref>O’Brien, J.T., Chouliaras, L., Sultana, J. ''et al.'' RENEWAL: REpurposing study to find NEW compounds with Activity for Lewy body dementia—an international Delphi consensus. ''Alz Res Therapy'' 14, 169 (2022). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01103-7</nowiki></ref>		Rasagiline, another irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B used in Parkinson's disease, may also be neuroprotective. The FDA refused to grant disease-modifying label to rasagiline because in trials the lower dose was effective at slowing progression, but the higher dose was not.<ref>Sviderski V (19 October 2011). "FDA Advisers Refuse Teva Plea to Expand Azilect Label". ''Reuters and Haaretz''.</ref><ref>Katz R, et al. "Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee Background Package on Azilect" (PDF). FDA. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</ref> Rasagiline failed to show any cognitive benefits in Parkinson's patients with cognitive impairment. Rasagiline 1 mg has however shown some benefits in a 24-week double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial (n=50) with mild to moderate Alzheimer's, with favourable change in FDG-PET in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and striatal regions along with benefits in measures of quality of life.<ref>O’Brien, J.T., Chouliaras, L., Sultana, J. ''et al.'' RENEWAL: REpurposing study to find NEW compounds with Activity for Lewy body dementia—an international Delphi consensus. ''Alz Res Therapy'' 14, 169 (2022). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01103-7</nowiki></ref>

Adssx: /* In humans */

2023-09-14T10:25:08Z

In humans

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:25, 14 September 2023
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	=== In humans ===		=== In humans ===
	In Parkinson's patients, Selegiline delays the point when levodopa treatment becomes necessary from about 11 months to about 18 months after diagnosis.<ref>Riederer P, Lachenmayer L (November 2003). "Selegiline's neuroprotective capacity revisited". ''Journal of Neural Transmission''. '''110''' (11): 1273–1278. doi:10.1007/s00702-003-0083-x. <nowiki>PMID 14628191</nowiki>. S2CID 20232921.</ref> Selegiline + levodopa has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan of Parkinson's compared to levodopa alone.<ref name=":0" /> There is some evidence that selegiline acts as a neuroprotectant and reduces the rate of disease progression, though this is disputed.<ref>"Selegiline Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". ''Drugs.com''. Retrieved February 23, 2018.</ref><ref>Ives NJ, Stowe RL, Marro J, Counsell C, Macleod A, Clarke CE, et al. (September 2004). "Monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors in early Parkinson's disease: meta-analysis of 17 randomised trials involving 3525 patients". ''BMJ''. '''329''' (7466): 593. doi:10.1136/bmj.38184.606169.AE. PMC 516655. <nowiki>PMID 15310558</nowiki>.</ref>		In Parkinson's patients, Selegiline delays the point when levodopa treatment becomes necessary from about 11 months to about 18 months after diagnosis.<ref>Riederer P, Lachenmayer L (November 2003). "Selegiline's neuroprotective capacity revisited". ''Journal of Neural Transmission''. '''110''' (11): 1273–1278. doi:10.1007/s00702-003-0083-x. <nowiki>PMID 14628191</nowiki>. S2CID 20232921.</ref> Selegiline + levodopa has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan of Parkinson's compared to levodopa alone.<ref name=":0" /> There is some evidence that selegiline acts as a neuroprotectant and reduces the rate of disease progression, though this is disputed.<ref>"Selegiline Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". ''Drugs.com''. Retrieved February 23, 2018.</ref><ref>Ives NJ, Stowe RL, Marro J, Counsell C, Macleod A, Clarke CE, et al. (September 2004). "Monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors in early Parkinson's disease: meta-analysis of 17 randomised trials involving 3525 patients". ''BMJ''. '''329''' (7466): 593. doi:10.1136/bmj.38184.606169.AE. PMC 516655. <nowiki>PMID 15310558</nowiki>.</ref>

			In a 2016 study, authors identified deprenyl as one of the 11 compounds (with acarbose, d-glucosamine, dihydroergocristine methanesulfonate, ellagic acid, fenofibrate, glutathione, metformin, spermidine, tyrosol, and vinpocetine) that fulfill all their proposed nine criteria for the evaluation of geroprotectors (Primary criteria: increased lifespan, amelioration of human aging biomarkers, acceptable toxicity, minimal side effects at therapeutic dosage, improving health-related quality of life. Secondary criteria: evolutionary conservatism of target or mechanism of action, reproducibility of geroprotective effects on different model organisms, simultaneous influence on several aging-associated causes of death in mammals, increase in stress resistance).<ref>Moskalev A, Chernyagina E, Tsvetkov V, Fedintsev A, Shaposhnikov M, Krut'ko V, Zhavoronkov A, Kennedy BK. Developing criteria for evaluation of geroprotectors as a key stage toward translation to the clinic. Aging Cell. 2016 Jun;15(3):407-15. doi: 10.1111/acel.12463. Epub 2016 Mar 11. PMID: 26970234; PMCID: PMC4854916.</ref>

			Increased lifespan Amelioration of human aging biomarkers Acceptable toxicity Minimal side effects at therapeutic dosage Improving health-related quality of life Evolutionary conservatism of target or mechanism of action Reproducibility of geroprotective effects on different model organisms Simultaneous influence on several aging-associated causes of death in mammals Increase in stress resistance.

	Rasagiline, another irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B used in Parkinson's disease, may also be neuroprotective. The FDA refused to grant disease-modifying label to rasagiline because in trials the lower dose was effective at slowing progression, but the higher dose was not.<ref>Sviderski V (19 October 2011). "FDA Advisers Refuse Teva Plea to Expand Azilect Label". ''Reuters and Haaretz''.</ref><ref>Katz R, et al. "Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee Background Package on Azilect" (PDF). FDA. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</ref> Rasagiline failed to show any cognitive benefits in Parkinson's patients with cognitive impairment. Rasagiline 1 mg has however shown some benefits in a 24-week double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial (n=50) with mild to moderate Alzheimer's, with favourable change in FDG-PET in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and striatal regions along with benefits in measures of quality of life.<ref>O’Brien, J.T., Chouliaras, L., Sultana, J. ''et al.'' RENEWAL: REpurposing study to find NEW compounds with Activity for Lewy body dementia—an international Delphi consensus. ''Alz Res Therapy'' 14, 169 (2022). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01103-7</nowiki></ref>		Rasagiline, another irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B used in Parkinson's disease, may also be neuroprotective. The FDA refused to grant disease-modifying label to rasagiline because in trials the lower dose was effective at slowing progression, but the higher dose was not.<ref>Sviderski V (19 October 2011). "FDA Advisers Refuse Teva Plea to Expand Azilect Label". ''Reuters and Haaretz''.</ref><ref>Katz R, et al. "Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee Background Package on Azilect" (PDF). FDA. Retrieved December 7, 2011.</ref> Rasagiline failed to show any cognitive benefits in Parkinson's patients with cognitive impairment. Rasagiline 1 mg has however shown some benefits in a 24-week double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial (n=50) with mild to moderate Alzheimer's, with favourable change in FDG-PET in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and striatal regions along with benefits in measures of quality of life.<ref>O’Brien, J.T., Chouliaras, L., Sultana, J. ''et al.'' RENEWAL: REpurposing study to find NEW compounds with Activity for Lewy body dementia—an international Delphi consensus. ''Alz Res Therapy'' 14, 169 (2022). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01103-7</nowiki></ref>

Adssx: /* Mice */

2023-09-14T10:09:59Z

Mice

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:09, 14 September 2023
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	Deprenyl led to a significant increase in mean and maximal life-span of galactose-treated, but not control flies.<ref>Jordens, R., Berry, M., Gillott, C. ''et al.'' Prolongation of Life in an Experimental Model of Aging in ''Drosophila Melanogaster'' . ''Neurochem Res'' 24, 227–233 (1999). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022510004220</nowiki></ref>		Deprenyl led to a significant increase in mean and maximal life-span of galactose-treated, but not control flies.<ref>Jordens, R., Berry, M., Gillott, C. ''et al.'' Prolongation of Life in an Experimental Model of Aging in ''Drosophila Melanogaster'' . ''Neurochem Res'' 24, 227–233 (1999). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022510004220</nowiki></ref>

	==== ~~Mice~~ ====		==== Rodents ====
	In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" />		In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" />

			In Syrian hamsters, low-dose selegiline (0.05 mg/kg) significantly increased life span in females but not in males.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197458097000092?via%3Dihub Chronic Treatment of Syrian Hamsters With Low-Dose Selegiline Increases Life Span in Females But Not Males], S. Stoll, U. Hafner, B. Kränzlin, W.E. Müller, Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 18, Issue 2, March–April 1997, Pages 205-211</ref>

	In 2023, Hungarian researchers from Semmelweis University found that BPAP (a deprenyl derivative) did not improve cognitive performance nor prolong lifespan.<ref>Ernyey, A.J., Kassai, F., Kozma, K. ''et al.'' Age-related decline of various cognitive functions in well-experienced male rats treated with the putative anti-aging compound (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-N-propylpentane-2-amine ((-)BPAP). ''GeroScience'' (2023). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-023-00821-6</nowiki></ref>		In 2023, Hungarian researchers from Semmelweis University found that BPAP (a deprenyl derivative) did not improve cognitive performance nor prolong lifespan.<ref>Ernyey, A.J., Kassai, F., Kozma, K. ''et al.'' Age-related decline of various cognitive functions in well-experienced male rats treated with the putative anti-aging compound (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-N-propylpentane-2-amine ((-)BPAP). ''GeroScience'' (2023). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-023-00821-6</nowiki></ref>

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2023-09-14T10:08:22Z

Mice

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:08, 14 September 2023
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	=== Animal studies ===		=== Animal studies ===

			==== Flies ====
			Deprenyl led to a significant increase in mean and maximal life-span of galactose-treated, but not control flies.<ref>Jordens, R., Berry, M., Gillott, C. ''et al.'' Prolongation of Life in an Experimental Model of Aging in ''Drosophila Melanogaster'' . ''Neurochem Res'' 24, 227–233 (1999). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022510004220</nowiki></ref>

	==== Mice ====		==== Mice ====

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2023-09-14T10:06:07Z

Mice

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:06, 14 September 2023
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	=== History ===		=== History ===
	Hungarian Joseph Knoll and his team developed selegiline and explored it potential longevity enhancing effects of selegiline up until his death in 2018 at age 93. Knoll was the founding member of the Hungarian Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and until 1982 its president and then honorary life president. Between 1984 and 1987 he was the first vice-president of the board of the Executive Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology (IUPHAR).<ref>[https://huphar.org/en/in-memoriam-joseph-knoll-1925-2018/ IN MEMORIAM JOSEPH KNOLL (1925-2018)], Hungarian Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology</ref>		Hungarian Joseph Knoll and his team at Semmelweis University developed selegiline and explored it potential longevity enhancing effects of selegiline up until his death in 2018 at age 93. Knoll was the founding member of the Hungarian Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and until 1982 its president and then honorary life president. Between 1984 and 1987 he was the first vice-president of the board of the Executive Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology (IUPHAR).<ref>[https://huphar.org/en/in-memoriam-joseph-knoll-1925-2018/ IN MEMORIAM JOSEPH KNOLL (1925-2018)], Hungarian Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology</ref>

	=== Animal studies ===		=== Animal studies ===
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	==== Mice ====		==== Mice ====
	In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" />		In rodents, Selegiline has been reported to increase, decrease, or have no change in lifespan in animal models. The mechanism for an increase in lifespan is unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Life extension ranged from no change (4 studies), to slight single-digit increases (2 studies), to increases between 13%-24% (2 studies), to increases in lifespan above 30% (2 studies). Most of these studies come from Knoll and a Japanese group led by Kenichi Kitani of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences (NILS) of Japan. The greatest increases in lifespan were seen in doses of 0.25mg/kg, 3 times per week.<ref name=":0" />

			In 2023, Hungarian researchers from Semmelweis University found that BPAP (a deprenyl derivative) did not improve cognitive performance nor prolong lifespan.<ref>Ernyey, A.J., Kassai, F., Kozma, K. ''et al.'' Age-related decline of various cognitive functions in well-experienced male rats treated with the putative anti-aging compound (2''R'')-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-N-propylpentane-2-amine ((-)BPAP). ''GeroScience'' (2023). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-023-00821-6</nowiki></ref>

	Kitani reported an inverted U-shape dose-relationship effect on the expression of uperoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase in the striatum of rats.<ref name=":0" />		Kitani reported an inverted U-shape dose-relationship effect on the expression of uperoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase in the striatum of rats.<ref name=":0" />