Preventing muscle loss
Preventing muscle loss Sarcopenia - an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength, mass and performance is frequently associated with aging and plays a major role in the development of frailty syndrome.[1][2] Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by weakening, shrinking, and decreasing muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area at the histological level. It manifests as a reduction in force production, easy fatigue and decreased exercise capability, along with a lower quality of life. Exercise with protein supplementation is widely acknowledged as the most effective therapy for skeletal muscle atrophy;[3][4] unfortunately, it is not applicable for all patients. Several active substances for skeletal muscle atrophy have been discovered and evaluated in clinical trials, however, they have not been marketed to date.[5] Nutritional supplements play a pivotal role in the current management of sarcopenia. The leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) supplement is one of the most extensively studied interventions for attenuating the progression of sarcopenia.
Plant-derived bioactive compounds beneficial in preventing muscle loss and restoring muscle function
- myricanol [6]
- tomatidine [7]
- carnosol [8] exhibited anticachexia effects mainly by inhibiting TNF-α/NF-κB pathway and decreasing muscle and adipose tissue loss. Carnosol might also ameliorate cancer cachexia-associated myotube atrophy by targeting P5CS (Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase) and its downstream pathways.[9]
- handelin [10]
- ↑ Damanti, S., Citterio, L., Zagato, L., Brioni, E., Magnaghi, C., Simonini, M., ... & Querini, P. R. (2024). Sarcopenic obesity and pre-sarcopenia contribute to frailty in community-dwelling Italian older people: data from the FRASNET study. BMC geriatrics, 24(1), 638. PMID: 39085777 PMC11290298 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05216-6
- ↑ Heng, M. W. Y., Chan, A. W., Man, R. E., Fenwick, E. K., Chew, S. T., Tay, L., ... & Lamoureux, E. L. (2023). Individual and combined associations of sarcopenia, osteoporosis and obesity with frailty in a multi-ethnic asian older adult population. BMC geriatrics, 23(1), 802.
- ↑ Yamada, M., Kimura, Y., Ishiyama, D., Nishio, N., Otobe, Y., Tanaka, T., ... & Arai, H. (2019). Synergistic effect of bodyweight resistance exercise and protein supplementation on skeletal muscle in sarcopenic or dynapenic older adults. Geriatrics & gerontology international, 19(5), 429-437. PMID: 30864254 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13643
- ↑ Liao, C. D., Huang, S. W., Chen, H. C., Huang, M. H., Liou, T. H., & Lin, C. L. (2024). Comparative Efficacy of Different Protein Supplements on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Indices of Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling, Hospitalized or Institutionalized Older Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 16(7), 941. PMID: 38612975 PMC11013298 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070941
- ↑ Najm, A., Niculescu, A. G., Grumezescu, A. M., & Beuran, M. (2024). Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Sarcopenia: An Updated Review on Pathogenesis and Treatment Advances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(8), 4300. PMID: 38673885 PMC11050002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084300
- ↑ Shen, S., Liao, Q., Lyu, P., Wang, J., & Lin, L. (2024). Myricanol prevents aging‐related sarcopenia by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction via targeting peroxiredoxin 5. MedComm, 5(6), e566. PMID: 38868327 PMC11167181 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.566
- ↑ Dyle, M. C., Ebert, S. M., Cook, D. P., Kunkel, S. D., Fox, D. K., Bongers, K. S., ... & Adams, C. M. (2014). Systems-based discovery of tomatidine as a natural small molecule inhibitor of skeletal muscle atrophy. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(21), 14913-14924. PMID: 24719321 PMC4031541 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M114.556241
- ↑ Lu, S., Li, Y., Shen, Q., Zhang, W., Gu, X., Ma, M., ... & Zhang, X. (2021). Carnosol and its analogues attenuate muscle atrophy and fat lipolysis induced by cancer cachexia. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 12(3), 779-795.
- ↑ Fang, Q. Y., Wang, Y. P., Zhang, R. Q., Fan, M., Feng, L. X., Guo, X. D., ... & Liu, X. (2024). Carnosol ameliorated cancer cachexia-associated myotube atrophy by targeting P5CS and its downstream pathways. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1291194. PMID: 38249348 PMC10799341 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1291194
- ↑ Zhang, H. J., Wang, B. H., Wang, X., Huang, C. P., Xu, S. M., Wang, J. L., ... & Xiang, Y. (2024). Handelin alleviates cachexia‐and aging‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy by improving protein homeostasis and inhibiting inflammation. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 15(1), 173-188. PMID: 38009816 PMC10834327 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13381
